{ "name": "HSK 6 grammar syllabus", "source": "The official HSK 3.0 考试大纲, published November 2025.", "compiledBy": "Gushi — https://gushi-chinese.online/", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/", "attribution": "HSK 6 grammar syllabus by Gushi (https://gushi-chinese.online/hsk-3.0/grammar/6), CC BY-SA 4.0", "page": "https://gushi-chinese.online/hsk-3.0/grammar/6", "sources": { "lists": "The word, character and grammar lists: the official HSK 3.0 考试大纲, published November 2025. Facts out of a published document.", "meanings": "The English meanings: adapted from CC-CEDICT (https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/dictionary?page=cc-cedict), CC BY-SA 4.0. This is why this data is share-alike.", "examples": "The example sentences: largely from the Tatoeba Project (https://tatoeba.org), CC BY 2.0 FR, plus sentences written for Gushi.", "compilation": "The selection, the pinyin, the tone numbers, the sense ordering and the checking: Gushi." }, "audioNote": "Free to play from gushi-chinese.online. NOT covered by this licence: the recordings are synthesised speech and are not ours to relicense as a corpus.", "updated": "2026-08-31", "kind": "grammar", "level": 6, "count": 49, "fields": { "level": "HSK 3.0 level, 1 to 9.", "point": "The grammar point as the syllabus names it.", "pattern": "The pattern the syllabus prints beside the point, where it prints one.", "categoryChinese": "The syllabus category, in Chinese.", "categoryEnglish": "The same category in English.", "explanation": "What the point does, in one sentence.", "exampleChinese": "Example sentence in simplified Chinese.", "exampleEnglish": "The example sentence in English." }, "data": [ { "level": 6, "point": "类前缀“超-、多-、反-、无-、亚-、准-”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "语素", "categoryEnglish": "Word parts", "explanation": "Productive prefixes; 超- = super-, ultra-.", "exampleChinese": "这家店专卖超低价的日用品。", "exampleEnglish": "This shop specializes in ultra-low-priced daily goods." }, { "level": 6, "point": "类后缀“-化、-式、-型、-性”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "语素", "categoryEnglish": "Word parts", "explanation": "Productive suffixes; -化 = -ize/-ification.", "exampleChinese": "近几年，农村的生活越来越现代化了。", "exampleEnglish": "In recent years, rural life has become more and more modernized." }, { "level": 6, "point": "人称代词“人家”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "人家: others / that person / I (coy self-reference).", "exampleChinese": "人家都开始复习了，你还在玩。", "exampleEnglish": "Everyone else has started reviewing, and you are still playing." }, { "level": 6, "point": "名量词“串、滴、枝、扇、卷”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Level-6 nominal measure words; 串 = a string/bunch of.", "exampleChinese": "他买了一串葡萄和两串香蕉。", "exampleEnglish": "He bought a bunch of grapes and two bunches of bananas." }, { "level": 6, "point": "动量词“番”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Verbal measure word 番: a round/bout of effortful action.", "exampleChinese": "经过一番努力，他终于考上了大学。", "exampleEnglish": "After a good deal of effort, he finally got into university." }, { "level": 6, "point": "程度副词“特、异常、较为”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Degree adverbs; 异常 = unusually, exceptionally.", "exampleChinese": "听到这个消息，他显得异常激动。", "exampleEnglish": "On hearing the news, he seemed unusually agitated." }, { "level": 6, "point": "范围副词“净、一同、大都”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Scope adverbs; 净 = nothing but, only.", "exampleChinese": "你怎么净说些让人生气的话？", "exampleEnglish": "Why do you say nothing but infuriating things?" }, { "level": 6, "point": "时间副词“一时、不时、仍旧、依旧、一向”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Time adverbs; 依旧 = still, as before.", "exampleChinese": "十年过去了，小镇依旧那么安静。", "exampleEnglish": "Ten years on, the small town is as quiet as ever." }, { "level": 6, "point": "频率副词“一再、再三”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Frequency adverbs; 再三 = again and again, repeatedly.", "exampleChinese": "出门前，妈妈再三提醒我带伞。", "exampleEnglish": "Before I left, Mom reminded me again and again to take an umbrella." }, { "level": 6, "point": "方式副词“不禁、赶忙、特地、特意、偷偷”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Manner adverbs; 不禁 = cannot help but.", "exampleChinese": "看到儿时的照片，她不禁笑了。", "exampleEnglish": "Seeing her childhood photos, she could not help smiling." }, { "level": 6, "point": "否定副词“未必”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "未必: not necessarily.", "exampleChinese": "贵的东西未必就是好的。", "exampleEnglish": "Expensive things are not necessarily good." }, { "level": 6, "point": "语气副词“恰好、倒是、干脆、明明、总算”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Tone adverbs; 明明 = clearly, obviously (contradicting).", "exampleChinese": "你明明知道答案，为什么不说？", "exampleEnglish": "You clearly know the answer - why not say it?" }, { "level": 6, "point": "介词“于”（引出时间、处所）", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Formal preposition 于: at/in/on (time or place).", "exampleChinese": "这座大桥建于上个世纪五十年代。", "exampleEnglish": "This bridge was built in the 1950s." }, { "level": 6, "point": "介词“至于”（引出对象）", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "至于: as for, as to (shifting topic).", "exampleChinese": "我先报名，至于去不去，以后再说。", "exampleEnglish": "I will sign up first; as for whether I go, we will see later." }, { "level": 6, "point": "介词“因”（引出目的、原因）", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Formal preposition 因: because of, due to.", "exampleChinese": "航班因大雾推迟了两个小时。", "exampleEnglish": "The flight was delayed two hours due to heavy fog." }, { "level": 6, "point": "介词“除”（表示排除）", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "除 (…外/之外): except for, apart from.", "exampleChinese": "除周末外，他每天都去健身房。", "exampleEnglish": "Except on weekends, he goes to the gym every day." }, { "level": 6, "point": "连词“不料”（连接分句或句子）", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "不料: unexpectedly, who would have thought.", "exampleChinese": "我以为他会答应，不料他一口拒绝了。", "exampleEnglish": "I thought he would agree; unexpectedly, he refused outright." }, { "level": 6, "point": "结构助词“所”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Structural particle 所 before a verb forming a nominal: that which is V-ed.", "exampleChinese": "他所说的一切后来都得到了证实。", "exampleEnglish": "Everything he said was later confirmed." }, { "level": 6, "point": "语气助词“啦、嘛”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "Sentence-final particles; 嘛 marks obviousness or mild urging.", "exampleChinese": "有意见就直接提嘛，别放在心里。", "exampleEnglish": "If you have objections, just raise them - don’t keep them inside." }, { "level": 6, "point": "其他助词“也好”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "词类", "categoryEnglish": "Word classes", "explanation": "X也好，Y也好: whether X or Y, it makes no difference.", "exampleChinese": "同意也好，反对也好，请先听我说完。", "exampleEnglish": "Whether you agree or object, please hear me out first." }, { "level": 6, "point": "四字格“A这A那”", "pattern": "A这A那", "categoryChinese": "短语", "categoryEnglish": "Phrases", "explanation": "V这V那: fussily doing the action to this and that.", "exampleChinese": "她买衣服总是挑这挑那，半天定不下来。", "exampleEnglish": "When buying clothes she picks at this and that and cannot decide for ages." }, { "level": 6, "point": "四字格“左A右B”", "pattern": "左A右B", "categoryChinese": "短语", "categoryEnglish": "Phrases", "explanation": "左A右B: doing the action repeatedly from all sides, e.g. 左思右想.", "exampleChinese": "他左思右想，还是觉得这事不对劲。", "exampleEnglish": "He turned it over and over in his mind and still felt something was off." }, { "level": 6, "point": "固定短语“好（不）容易”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "短语", "categoryEnglish": "Phrases", "explanation": "好（不）容易: only with great difficulty (both forms mean the same).", "exampleChinese": "我排了两个小时队，好不容易才买到票。", "exampleEnglish": "I queued for two hours and finally managed to buy a ticket." }, { "level": 6, "point": "固定短语“那倒（也）是”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "短语", "categoryEnglish": "Phrases", "explanation": "那倒（也）是: “that’s true, actually” - conceding a point.", "exampleChinese": "“坐高铁比开车快多了。”“那倒是。”", "exampleEnglish": "“Taking the high-speed train is much faster than driving.” “That’s true.”" }, { "level": 6, "point": "固定短语“算了”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "短语", "categoryEnglish": "Phrases", "explanation": "算了: forget it, let it go.", "exampleChinese": "他不愿意去就算了，咱们别勉强。", "exampleEnglish": "If he does not want to go, forget it - let’s not force him." }, { "level": 6, "point": "固定短语“得了”", "pattern": "", "categoryChinese": "短语", "categoryEnglish": "Phrases", "explanation": "Sentence-final 得了: just do X and be done with it.", "exampleChinese": "别纠结了，就买这件得了。", "exampleEnglish": "Stop agonizing - just buy this one and be done with it." }, { "level": 6, "point": "A一+量词，B一+量词", "pattern": "A一+量词，B一+量词", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "One from A, one from B - many people chiming in by turns.", "exampleChinese": "会上大家你一句，我一句，讨论得十分热烈。", "exampleEnglish": "At the meeting everyone chimed in one after another, and the discussion was lively." }, { "level": 6, "point": "东一A，西一A", "pattern": "东一A，西一A", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "One here, one there - scattered in disorder.", "exampleChinese": "屋里衣服东一件，西一件，乱得下不去脚。", "exampleEnglish": "Clothes lay scattered here and there in the room; there was nowhere to step." }, { "level": 6, "point": "到……为止", "pattern": "到……为止", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "Up until …; ending at ….", "exampleChinese": "到目前为止，报名的人已经超过一百了。", "exampleEnglish": "Up to now, more than a hundred people have signed up." }, { "level": 6, "point": "X到Y头上来了", "pattern": "X到Y头上来了", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "The trouble/action has come down on Y’s head.", "exampleChinese": "他居然把主意打到我头上来了。", "exampleEnglish": "He actually set his sights on me." }, { "level": 6, "point": "不X不……，一X……", "pattern": "不X不……，一X……", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "You don’t know until you X - and when you do, it’s a shock.", "exampleChinese": "不看不知道，一看吓一跳，这个月竟花了一万块。", "exampleEnglish": "I had no idea until I looked - and what a shock: ten thousand yuan spent this month." }, { "level": 6, "point": "好你个X", "pattern": "好你个X", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "Why, you …! - mock-angry exclamation at someone.", "exampleChinese": "好你个小张，偷偷把我的零食吃光了！", "exampleEnglish": "Why, you little Zhang - you secretly ate up all my snacks!" }, { "level": 6, "point": "早（也）不X，晚（也）不X", "pattern": "早（也）不X，晚（也）不X", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "Of all times, it had to happen right now.", "exampleChinese": "电梯早不坏，晚不坏，偏偏上班时坏了。", "exampleEnglish": "The elevator did not break earlier or later - it had to break right at rush hour." }, { "level": 6, "point": "看/瞧+把+宾语（施事）+X得", "pattern": "看/瞧+把+宾语+X得", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "Look how X-ed you are! - teasing comment on someone’s state.", "exampleChinese": "瞧把你高兴得，不就是赢了一盘棋吗？", "exampleEnglish": "Look how pleased you are - it was only one game of chess!" }, { "level": 6, "point": "放着X不Y", "pattern": "放着X不Y", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "To leave the obvious good option X aside and not do Y with it.", "exampleChinese": "放着近路不走，你偏要绕远。", "exampleEnglish": "With a shortcut right there, you insist on going the long way." }, { "level": 6, "point": "X了就X了，（没）有……", "pattern": "X了就X了，（没）有……", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "What’s done is done - no use dwelling on it.", "exampleChinese": "杯子碎了就碎了，没有什么大不了的。", "exampleEnglish": "The cup is broken - so be it; it is no big deal." }, { "level": 6, "point": "这/那也不X，那/这也不Y", "pattern": "这/那也不X，那/这也不Y", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "Unhappy with this and that alike - impossible to please.", "exampleChinese": "他这也不吃，那也不吃，真难伺候。", "exampleEnglish": "He will not eat this and will not eat that - so hard to please." }, { "level": 6, "point": "X归X，Y归Y", "pattern": "X归X，Y归Y", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "X is one thing, Y is another - keep them separate.", "exampleChinese": "工作归工作，生活归生活，得分开。", "exampleEnglish": "Work is work and life is life - they must be kept apart." }, { "level": 6, "point": "看你X的/瞧他X的", "pattern": "看你X的/瞧他X的", "categoryChinese": "固定格式", "categoryEnglish": "Fixed expressions", "explanation": "Look at you, all X! - teasing or deflecting remark.", "exampleChinese": "看你急的，先坐下喝口水慢慢说。", "exampleEnglish": "Look how worked up you are - sit down, have some water, and tell me slowly." }, { "level": 6, "point": "程度补语“动词/形容词+透+了”", "pattern": "动词/形容词+透+了", "categoryChinese": "句子成分", "categoryEnglish": "Parts of the sentence", "explanation": "V/Adj + 透了: thoroughly, to the utmost (usually negative).", "exampleChinese": "连着加了一个星期班，他烦透了。", "exampleEnglish": "After a whole week of overtime, he was utterly fed up." }, { "level": 6, "point": "“把”字句4", "pattern": "主语（非生物体）+把+宾语+动词+其他成分；主语+把+宾语（施事）+动词+其他成分", "categoryChinese": "特殊句型", "categoryEnglish": "Special sentence patterns", "explanation": "把-sentence with an inanimate subject, or whose object is the agent of the result.", "exampleChinese": "一场大风把院子里的花全刮倒了。", "exampleEnglish": "A strong wind blew down all the flowers in the yard." }, { "level": 6, "point": "并列复句“一时……一时……”", "pattern": "一时……一时……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "Now …, now … - alternating states.", "exampleChinese": "山里的天气一时晴，一时雨，说变就变。", "exampleEnglish": "The mountain weather is now sunny, now rainy - it changes in an instant." }, { "level": 6, "point": "选择复句“要么……，要么……”", "pattern": "要么……，要么……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "Either … or … (exclusive choice).", "exampleChinese": "周末他要么在家看书，要么去郊外爬山。", "exampleEnglish": "On weekends he either reads at home or hikes in the outskirts." }, { "level": 6, "point": "转折复句“虽……，但/可/却/也……”", "pattern": "虽……，但/可/却/也……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "Although … (written 虽), yet ….", "exampleChinese": "房间虽小，却收拾得干净整齐。", "exampleEnglish": "Though the room is small, it is kept clean and tidy." }, { "level": 6, "point": "条件复句“凡是……，都……”", "pattern": "凡是……，都……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "All that … invariably ….", "exampleChinese": "凡是他答应过的事，都会做到。", "exampleEnglish": "Whatever he has promised, he will do." }, { "level": 6, "point": "条件复句“除非……，才……”", "pattern": "除非……，才……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "Only if … will ….", "exampleChinese": "除非亲眼看见，他才肯相信。", "exampleEnglish": "Only if he sees it with his own eyes will he believe it." }, { "level": 6, "point": "条件复句“除非……，否则/不然……”", "pattern": "除非……，否则/不然……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "Unless …, otherwise ….", "exampleChinese": "除非提前预订，否则周末根本没有位子。", "exampleEnglish": "Unless you book ahead, there are simply no seats on weekends." }, { "level": 6, "point": "让步复句“就算……，也……”", "pattern": "就算……，也……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "Even if …, still ….", "exampleChinese": "就算再忙，也要按时吃饭。", "exampleEnglish": "Even at your busiest, you should still eat on time." }, { "level": 6, "point": "目的复句“……，以便……”", "pattern": "……，以便……", "categoryChinese": "复句", "categoryEnglish": "Multi-clause sentences", "explanation": "… so as to, in order to (facilitate) ….", "exampleChinese": "请留下电话号码，以便我们及时联系您。", "exampleEnglish": "Please leave your phone number so that we can contact you promptly." } ] }